Explain the various methods of giving CPR.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving technique used in emergencies when someone's heartbeat or breathing has stopped. There are two main methods of giving CPR: the traditional method and the hands-only method.

1. Traditional CPR:

   • Step 1: Check for Responsiveness: Shake the person and shout, "Are you okay?" If there is no response, the person may be unconscious and in need of CPR.
   • Step 2: Call for Help: Call emergency services or 911 for assistance.
   • Step 3: Open the Airway: Tilt the person's head back slightly and lift the chin to open the airway.
   • Step 4: Check for Breathing: Look, listen, and feel for signs of breathing. If the person is not breathing or is only gasping, begin CPR.
   • Step 5: Start Chest Compressions: Place the heel of one hand on the center of the person's chest, between the nipples. Place the other hand on top and interlock your fingers. Position yourself vertically above the person's chest and perform chest compressions, pushing down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
   • Step 6: Give Rescue Breaths: After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths. Tilt the person's head back, pinch the nose closed, and cover the person's mouth with yours. Give a breath that makes the chest rise, then repeat.
   • Step 7: Continue CPR: Continue cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until help arrives or the person starts breathing.

2. Hands-Only CPR:

   • Hands-only CPR is recommended for untrained rescuers or in cases where performing rescue breaths may be challenging or unsafe.
   • Step 1: Check for Responsiveness and Call for Help: Same as in traditional CPR.
   • Step 2: Start Chest Compressions: Position yourself vertically above the person's chest and place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest, between the nipples. Place the other hand on top and interlock your fingers. Perform chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute, pressing down about 2 inches.
   • Step 3: Continue Chest Compressions: Continue hands-only CPR until help arrives or the person starts breathing.

It's important to remember that CPR should only be performed by trained individuals. If you are not trained in CPR, provide hands-only CPR and call for help immediately.