What are group Norms and Values? How can a small group influence the behaviour of its members?

Group Norms and Values:

Group Norms:
Group norms are shared expectations or rules that guide and regulate the behavior of members within a group. These norms develop informally as a result of interactions among group members and often govern aspects such as communication styles, work habits, and social interactions. Norms serve as a framework for acceptable behavior and help create a sense of predictability and cohesion within the group. They can be explicit or implicit and may influence individual behavior by promoting conformity to the group's expectations.

Examples of group norms include punctuality, respect for others' opinions, and collaboration in decision-making. Norms can vary widely across different groups and cultures, shaping the group's identity and defining acceptable standards of conduct.

Group Values:
Group values represent the shared beliefs, principles, and ideals that members collectively hold. Values reflect what the group considers important, guiding its decision-making processes and influencing the priorities of its members. Values provide a foundation for the group's identity and purpose, fostering a sense of unity and alignment among its members.

For instance, a work team might value innovation, integrity, and collaboration. These values influence how members approach tasks, interact with one another, and make decisions. Group values contribute to a shared sense of purpose and help create a positive and cohesive group culture.

Influence of Small Groups on Member Behavior:

Small groups can exert a significant influence on the behavior of their members through various mechanisms:

1. Social Influence:
   Small groups create a social environment where individuals seek approval and acceptance. Social norms within the group can shape behavior as individuals conform to the group's expectations to fit in and avoid rejection. This social influence helps establish and reinforce group norms.

2. Conformity:
   Group norms often lead to conformity, where individuals adjust their behavior to align with the perceived norms of the group. Conformity provides a sense of belonging and acceptance within the group, contributing to group cohesion. Members may adopt group norms even if they differ from their individual preferences.

3. Peer Pressure:
   In small groups, members may experience peer pressure, a social influence that encourages conformity to the group's norms and values. The desire for acceptance and approval from peers can lead individuals to adopt behaviors and attitudes endorsed by the group.

4. Identity and Belongingness:
   Small groups foster a sense of identity and belongingness among their members. Shared values and norms contribute to a collective identity, and individuals may modify their behavior to align with this identity. The need for a positive group identity can influence how members behave within the group.

5. Socialization:
   Small groups serve as environments for socialization, where new members learn the group's norms and values through observation, interaction, and feedback from existing members. Socialization processes shape individual behavior, helping newcomers assimilate into the group culture.

6. Leadership Influence:
   The leadership within a small group plays a crucial role in shaping group norms and values. Leaders set examples, articulate values, and reinforce expected behaviors. Members often look to leaders for guidance, and the leadership style can significantly impact the overall group culture.

7. Cohesiveness:
   Group cohesiveness, the degree of attraction and unity among members, enhances the influence of group norms. Cohesive groups foster a stronger sense of commitment, making members more likely to conform to established norms and values to maintain group harmony.

In summary, small groups exert a powerful influence on the behavior of their members through the establishment of norms and values. The social dynamics within these groups shape individual actions, fostering a sense of belonging, shared purpose, and collective identity. Understanding and managing group norms and values are essential for effective group functioning and achieving common goals.