What do you understand by energy intensity and energy efficiency.

Energy Intensity refers to the amount of energy required to produce a unit of output or achieve a certain level of economic activity within a given system, such as a country, industry, or process. It is often expressed as energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP), industrial output, floor area, or other relevant metrics. Energy intensity provides insight into the efficiency of energy use within an economy or sector and serves as a measure of resource productivity. Lower energy intensity indicates that less energy is required to generate economic value, reflecting higher efficiency and sustainability.

Energy Efficiency refers to the ratio of useful energy output to the total energy input in a specific system, process, or technology. It measures how effectively energy is converted and utilized to perform a desired task or achieve a desired outcome. Energy efficiency initiatives aim to minimize energy waste, reduce energy consumption, and optimize energy use without sacrificing performance or comfort. Improving energy efficiency often involves adopting technologies, practices, and policies that enhance the performance of energy-consuming devices, systems, and processes. This can include upgrading equipment to more efficient models, implementing energy management systems, optimizing operational practices, and promoting behavior change among users. By improving energy efficiency, organizations, industries, and economies can reduce energy costs, enhance competitiveness, mitigate environmental impacts, and contribute to sustainable development goals.