What is e-Governance? Explain the features of any two e-Governance projects in India.

E-governance refers to the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to facilitate the delivery of government services, improve efficiency, transparency, and accountability in governance, and enhance citizen engagement with government processes.

Two prominent e-Governance projects in India are:

1. Aadhaar (Unique Identification Authority of India):

   • Features:
     • Aadhaar is a biometric identification system that assigns a unique 12-digit number to residents of India.
     • It aims to provide a universal and digital identity to all citizens, enabling easier access to government services and subsidies.
     • Aadhaar facilitates efficient delivery of welfare programs, reduces leakages and fraud, and promotes financial inclusion.

2. Digital India:

   • Features:
     • Digital India is a flagship initiative that aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.
     • It focuses on improving digital infrastructure, providing digital literacy and services, and promoting digital inclusion.
     • Projects under Digital India include BharatNet, National Knowledge Network, e-Hospital, and e-Scholarship, among others.

These e-Governance projects demonstrate the government's commitment to harnessing technology for improving governance and citizen services.