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Surrogacy is a reproductive arrangement in which a woman, known as the surrogate mother, carries and gives birth to a child on behalf of intended parents or individuals who are unable to conceive or carry a pregnancy to term. This complex and emotionally charged process involves various legal, ethical, and medical considerations.
There are two main types of surrogacy:
Traditional Surrogacy: In traditional surrogacy, the surrogate mother is genetically related to the child she carries, as her own egg is fertilized with the intended father's sperm or donor sperm. This type of surrogacy is less common today due to legal and ethical complexities.
Gestational Surrogacy: In gestational surrogacy, the surrogate mother is not genetically related to the child she carries. The embryo is created through in vitro fertilization (IVF) using the eggs and sperm of the intended parents or donors. This is the more prevalent and legally preferred form of surrogacy.
Surrogacy raises various ethical questions, including issues related to the rights and well-being of the surrogate mother, the intended parents, and the child. Different countries have varying laws and regulations regarding surrogacy, leading to a complex landscape for those seeking surrogacy as a means to start or expand their families.