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The General Aggression Model (GAM) is a comprehensive theoretical framework proposed by Anderson and Bushman (2002) to explain the complex factors influencing aggressive behavior. GAM integrates various psychological processes, environmental factors, and individual differences to provide a comprehensive understanding of aggression.

At its core, GAM suggests that aggression is influenced by both internal and external factors. Internal factors include individual characteristics such as personality traits, attitudes, and biological factors (e.g., genetics, hormones), while external factors encompass situational and environmental influences such as social context, media exposure, and interpersonal relationships.

GAM proposes that aggression occurs through a sequence of cognitive, affective, and behavioral stages. It begins with situational cues and personal factors triggering aggressive thoughts and emotions (e.g., frustration, anger). These aggressive cognitions and affective states then interact with individual characteristics and situational factors to influence decision-making processes, appraisal of the situation, and the likelihood of engaging in aggressive behavior.

Furthermore, GAM emphasizes the role of learning processes in the development and maintenance of aggressive behavior. Individuals acquire aggressive scripts, beliefs, and schemas through observational learning, social modeling, and reinforcement. These learned aggressive patterns can be activated and enacted in response to specific triggers or situational cues, perpetuating a cycle of aggression.

Overall, the General Aggression Model provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the multifaceted nature of aggression, incorporating cognitive, emotional, social, and environmental factors into a unified model. By identifying the various influences on aggressive behavior, GAM informs interventions and prevention strategies aimed at reducing aggression and promoting prosocial behavior.