Write a short note on Monism.
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Monism is a philosophical worldview that posits the fundamental unity or oneness of all existence, rejecting the notion of dualism or plurality. In monism, everything in the universe is considered to be part of a single, indivisible reality, which may be characterized as spiritual, material, or both.
Monism encompasses various philosophical and religious perspectives, including idealism, materialism, and pantheism. Idealist monism holds that ultimate reality is mental or spiritual in nature, while materialist monism asserts that reality is purely material and can be explained in terms of physical laws.
Pantheistic monism, on the other hand, identifies the divine or ultimate reality with the cosmos itself, viewing all of existence as manifestations of a single divine essence. This perspective emphasizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of all things, highlighting the sacredness of the natural world and humanity's unity with the cosmos.
Monism challenges traditional dualistic views that posit separate realms for mind and matter, spirit and body, or God and the world. Instead, it promotes a holistic understanding of reality that transcends conventional dichotomies, fostering a sense of unity, harmony, and interconnectedness in the universe.