Write a short note on Non-Probability Sampling.

Non-Probability Sampling

Non-probability sampling is a sampling technique used in research where the selection of participants is not based on random selection principles. Instead, individuals are chosen based on subjective criteria, convenience, or the researcher's judgment. Non-probability sampling methods are commonly employed when it is impractical or impossible to obtain a random sample from the population of interest.

One common type of non-probability sampling is convenience sampling, where researchers select participants who are readily available and accessible. This method is quick, cost-effective, and convenient but may result in a biased sample that does not accurately represent the population.

Another type is purposive sampling, where participants are chosen based on specific characteristics or criteria relevant to the research question. Purposive sampling allows researchers to target individuals who possess unique insights or experiences related to the study topic but may lack representativeness and generalizability.

Snowball sampling is a non-probability sampling technique where initial participants recruit additional participants from their social networks. This method is useful for studying hard-to-reach or marginalized populations but may introduce bias if certain groups are overrepresented.

While non-probability sampling methods have limitations in terms of generalizability and representativeness, they are often practical and efficient for exploratory research, qualitative studies, or when resources are limited. Researchers using non-probability sampling should acknowledge the limitations of their sampling approach and carefully interpret the findings within the context of the sample composition and research objectives.