Write a short note on The Cold War.
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Write a short note on The Cold War.
The Cold War, spanning roughly from the end of World War II in 1945 to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, was a geopolitical and ideological struggle between the United States and its Western allies, led by NATO, and the Soviet Union with its Eastern bloc allies, dominated by the Warsaw Pact. Although characterized by a lack of direct military confrontation, the Cold War was marked by intense political, economic, and ideological rivalry.
The ideological conflict centered on the contrasting political and economic systems of capitalism, championed by the U.S., and communism, promoted by the Soviet Union. Tensions escalated with the arms race, nuclear proliferation, and proxy wars fought in regions like Korea, Vietnam, and Afghanistan.
The Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 brought the world to the brink of nuclear war, highlighting the volatile nature of the Cold War. The policy of containment, articulated by George F. Kennan, guided U.S. efforts to prevent the spread of communism.
The Cold War ended with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, symbolized by the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. The conclusion of this ideological confrontation marked a significant shift in global geopolitics, ushering in a new era of international relations and the emergence of a unipolar world order led by the United States.