Write a short note on what are the provisions of law against untouchability ?

In India, untouchability, the practice of discriminating against individuals based on their caste, was abolished with the framing of the Indian Constitution. The provisions of law against untouchability are primarily outlined in the Constitution of India and reinforced by subsequent legislation:

1. Constitution of India: Article 17 of the Indian Constitution explicitly abolishes untouchability in any form. It declares untouchability to be an offense punishable by law and prohibits its practice in any public place.

2. Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955: This Act was enacted to further strengthen the constitutional provision against untouchability. It criminalizes practices of untouchability, including preventing Dalits from accessing public places, obstructing their entry into temples or other religious institutions, or practicing social boycotts against them. The Act prescribes punishments for offenses related to untouchability, including imprisonment and fines.

3. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989: This Act provides comprehensive legal protection to Dalits and tribal communities against various forms of discrimination and violence. It includes provisions to prevent atrocities such as harassment, assault, sexual violence, and land-related offenses perpetrated against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The Act also establishes special courts for the expeditious trial of offenses and provides for the rehabilitation and compensation of victims.

These legal provisions are aimed at eradicating the practice of untouchability and ensuring the protection of the rights and dignity of marginalized communities in India. However, despite these laws, untouchability and caste-based discrimination persist in various forms, highlighting the ongoing challenges in achieving social justice and equality.