Explain Commensalism and Mutualism.

Commensalism:
Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship between two species where one organism benefits, and the other is neither benefited nor harmed. In this interaction, one species gains an advantage or utilizes resources from the environment, while the other remains unaffected. An example of commensalism is the relationship between barnacles and whales. Barnacles attach themselves to the skin of whales, gaining a substrate for attachment and access to nutrient-rich water, while the whales are not significantly affected.

Mutualism:
Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship in which both interacting species derive benefits from each other. This association is characterized by a mutually beneficial exchange of resources or services. Examples of mutualism include the relationship between bees and flowers. Bees obtain nectar from flowers as a food source, while simultaneously aiding in the pollination of the flowers, facilitating their reproduction. In mutualistic interactions, the well-being and survival of both species are enhanced through cooperation, creating a reciprocal dependency.