Explain Features of caste.
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Features of Caste:
Hereditary System: Caste is characterized by a hereditary system, where individuals inherit their social status, occupation, and roles from their parents. This transmission of caste status maintains social boundaries.
Occupational Specialization: Each caste is traditionally associated with specific occupations and roles. Occupational specialization reinforces social hierarchy, limiting individuals to certain professions based on their caste.
Endogamy: Caste groups practice endogamy, marrying within their own caste. This practice is intended to preserve purity and prevent social mixing between different caste groups.
Rituals and Purity: Caste is often linked to rituals and notions of purity and pollution. Certain castes may be considered ritually pure, while others are deemed impure. This distinction influences social interactions and relationships.
Social Stratification: Caste results in a rigid social stratification, with each caste assigned a specific status within the hierarchy. Higher castes traditionally enjoy privileges, while lower castes may face discrimination and limited opportunities.
Discrimination and Untouchability: Historically, lower castes, especially the Dalits or "Untouchables," faced severe discrimination and social exclusion. The practice of untouchability involved avoiding physical contact with certain castes due to perceived impurity.
Caste Mobility Challenges: While efforts have been made to address caste-based discrimination, mobility between castes remains challenging. Discrimination, social prejudices, and historical inequalities persist, hindering true social mobility.
Regional Variations: Caste systems exist in various forms across different regions and cultures. In India, for example, the caste system has complex regional variations, reflecting diverse historical and social influences.
Caste is a deeply ingrained social structure with profound historical roots, influencing various aspects of individuals' lives, from their occupations to marriage practices. Despite efforts to address caste-based discrimination, challenges remain in achieving true social equality and mobility.